Hairy vetch grows vigorously and can be grazed from the 10-15 node stage through to flowering. In an early trial, feeding hairy vetch seeds to chicks resulted in mortality when included in the diet at 10% and also in decreased performance at 20 and 30% of the DM. Hairy vetch is a fast-growing summer legume found from 30 to 50° in both hemispheres, from sea level to an altitude of 3000 m (Cook et al., 2005). It is relatively winter hardy but tolerates frost better if it is protected by a snow cover or if it is grown with a companion crop, or sown below a cover of crop residues (Undersander et al., 1990). Chemical composition, DM and NDF degradation kinetics in rumen of seven legume straws. Acta Sci. Anim. Study on the food habits of sika deer (, Getu Kitaw ; Solomon, M. ; Eyasu, S. ; Mesfin, D., 2010. Working hand-in-hand with our partners at N.C. A&T and 101 local governments, we conduct groundbreaking research that addresses real-world issues in communities across the state. In a mixture, 50 pounds of rye Hairy vetch is also used as fodder and can be grazed, or cut for hay and silage. Bruno-Soares, A. M. ; El-Shaer, H. M., 1997. FAO, Rome, Italy, Gang, B-H. ; Lee, I-D. ; Lee, S-K. ; Lee, H-S., 2008. It can also be offered as hay or silage to supplement cereal or grass based diets. Poisoning has been reported in one horse grazing hairy vetch: symptoms included oedema, especially around the lips and eyes, conjunctivitis and corneal ulceration (Anderson et al., 1983). When compared to several clover species (Trifolium incarnatum, Trifolium vesiculosum, Trifolium nigrescens, Trifolium hirtum) in cafeteria-style trials with goats, hairy vetch was shown to be of intermediate palatability (Terrill et al., 2004). The chemical composition of some leguminous plants grown in the herbage nursery at Kitale, Kenya. While most of the cultivated vetches are annuals, hairy vetch is grown as an annual or winter annual. Effects of maturity on nutritive value of field-cured hays from common vetch and hairy vetch. Seeding rate: 90 lbs/acre, 3-4 lbs/1000 sq ft. Funding for this site is provided by the Center for Turfgrass Environmental Research and Education, the Turfgrass Council of North Carolina and the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences at North Carolina State University. It does well in areas with average temperatures ranging from 8°C to 19°C. Hairy vetch has no tolerance to high levels of Al3+ but can withstand moderate salinity (Cook et al., 2005). South Afr. When it is provided with support for upright growth, hairy vetch may climb and reach a height of 1-2 m (Hannaway et al., 2004). Hairy vetch can also be grazed or harvested as forage. In: XXXIX Jorn. eriocarpa Hausskn., Vicia villosa subsp. It has a shallow taproot that goes no deeper than 1 m, and strong lateral secondary roots. Experimental and natural intoxications by, Spurway, R. A. ; Wheeler, J. L. ; Hedges, D. A., 1974. It is a P scavenger and reduces excess P in the soil (SARE, 2008). Each pod contains 4-8 globular seeds, blackish brown in colour and 3-5 mm in diameter (Cook et al., 2005), smaller than those of common vetch (Hannaway et al., 2004). Hairy vetch was introduced into the USA in the 18th century and is now the most cultivated vetch species in this country. Study on the food habits of Korean native goats (, Panciera, R. J. ; Mosier, D. A. ; Ritchey, J. W., 1992. Crop Sci., 52 (4): 1940-1948, Karabulut, A.; Munzur, M.; Ozturk, H., 1989. The plant is six to 12 inches in height, but with no bloom or seed pods. Vicia villosa naturally grows in waste grounds, disturbed areas, roadsides and banks, as well as in cultivated fields (Cook et al., 2005; Hannaway et al., 2004). Purple flowers form in early to mid summer. Hairy vetch forage is rich in protein, from 19 to 30% DM. Hairy vetch readily resumes its growth during spring and, combined with a tendency to allelopathy, the stand smothers spring weeds efficiently (SARE, 2008). Res., 50 (1): 31-42, Han, Y. ; Su, C. ; Li, L. ; Chen, W. ; Wu, X. ; Wang, D., 2012. Agric. Effect of silage from ryegrass intercropped with winter or common vetch for grazing dairy cows in small-scale dairy systems in Mexico. Hairy vetch fruits are elongated, finely haired, fawn coloured dehiscent pods. Systemic granulation inflammation in a horse grazing hairy vetch. Hairy vetch can be sown during spring to provide abundant biomass before summer heat. HAIRY VETCH Vicia villosa. Creating synergies between conservation agriculture and cattle production in crop-livestock farms: a study case in the lake Alaotra region of Madagascar. Small Anim. Type: winter annual or summer annual legume Roles: N source, weed suppressor, topsoil conditioner, reduce erosion Mix with: small grains, field peas, bell beans, crimson clover, buckwheat See charts, p. 66 to 72, for ranking and management summary. Importance of Hairy Vetch. Feeding hairy fetch to the goats. Weaver, N, 1965. Hairy vetch can be grazed, especially in annual legume-grass and/or legume-cereal mixtures. Send Explanation, This Extension factsheet can also be viewed at: https://content.ces.ncsu.edu/hairy-vetch. Cooperative Extension, which staffs local offices in all 100 counties and with the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians. It is 30-70 cm in height in mature swards (Cook et al., 2005). Lanyasunya, T. P. ; Wang HongRong ; Mukisira, E. A. ; Abdulrazak, S. A. ; Kibitok, N. K., 2007. CSIRO, DPI&F(Qld), CIAT and ILRI, Brisbane, Australia. In a Finnish organic dairy system based on pasture associated with Italian ryegrass (Lolium perenne) and barley, hairy vetch was better utilized than common vetch (Vicia sativa) for extended grazing, and produced more herbage. Hairy vetch seed are commercially available in a range of sizes. Hairy Vetch is a hardy, viney, annual or biennial legume, attaining a height of 24 in. Options Méditerranéennes. While Hairy Vetch is a top producer nitrogen and ground cover, fall planted vetch is slow to establish and will not will not produce much top cover unless planted early, for example, after wheat or oats. N.C. Images Hairy vetch is a winter annual, biennial, or summer annual weed that forms large mats of vegetation. Hairy vetch (Vicia villosa), also known as winter vetch is a nitrogen-fixing plant that is used mostly for cover-cropping in monoculture fields. Habitat. If the crop is cut at the onset of pods in hairy vetch, rye quality has already declined. Oil content and fatty acid profile in seeds of Polish breeding lines and cultivars of legumes. Maintain a dense, actively growing turf through proper mowing, fertilizing, and watering practices. ), Diane Publishing, 2008, Selmi, H.; Gasmi-Boubaker, A.; Losada, R. M.; Abdouli, H.; Rekik, B.; Rouissi, H.; Hassen, H.; Rigueiro-Rodriguez, A. , 2010. The flowers are papillonaceous, purple to blue and sometimes white in colour, up to 1 cm in length and 7 mm in diameter (Tenaglia, 2014). Anim. However, cattle grazing vetch should be observed frequently. Hairy vetch prefers well-drained soils with a pH of 6.0-7.0, and will do poorly in clay or wet fields. Hal., Vicia pseudocracca Bertol., Vicia varia Host, Vicia varia var. Hairy vetch, winter vetch, sand vetch, woolly-pod vetch, woolly vetch, cardyne vetch, Corbière hairy vetch, fodder vetch, lana vetch, smooth vetch, thick-fruited vetch [English]; vesce de Cerdagne, vesce de Russie, vesce velue, vesce variable, vesce variée, vesce à gousses velues, vesce bigarrée [French]; arvejilla veluda, veza vellosa, vezo piloso [Spanish]; ervilhaça-vilosa, ervilhaca-dos-cachos-roxos, ervilhaca-peluda [Portuguese]; bonte wikke [Dutch]; Zottige Wicke [German]; البيقية الموبرة [Arabic]; 长柔毛野豌豆 [Chinese]; בִּקיה שעירה [Hebrew]. Hairy vetch. Plant hairy vetch in late summer or autumn at least 30 days before the first average frost date in your area. Hairy vetch (, Hernández-Ortega, M. ; Heredia-Nava, D. ; Espinoza-Ortega, A. ; Sánchez-Vera, E. ; Arriaga-Jordán, C. M., 2009. Cooperative Extension prohibits discrimination and harassment on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, sex (including pregnancy), disability, religion, sexual orientation, gender identity, and veteran status. Technol., 30 (1-2): 39-50, SARE, 2008. Hairy vetch, ( Vicia villosa ), aka sand vetch or winter vetch, is the most winter-hardy of the vetches. https://www.feedipedia.org/node/238 Last updated on February 15, 2016, 14:15, Feedipedia - Animal Feed Resources Information System - INRAE CIRAD AFZ and FAO © 2012-2020 | Copyright | Disclaimer | Editor login, Tables of chemical composition and nutritional value, English correction by Tim Smith (Animal Science consultant) and Hélène Thiollet (AFZ), Hairy vetch (Vicia villosa), aerial part, fresh, OM digestibility, ruminants (gas production), Abreu, J. M. F. ; Bruno Soares, A. M., 1998. Call to Order: We are encouraging our customers to call us at 800-352-5247 to place your orders.We can then ship your seed directly to you, or you can come pick it up at Albert Lea Seed. Hairy Vetch is best grown with plants like cereal rye that enable the hairy vetch to climb up the cereal rye to allow air movement across the soil surface. Trop. J., 32 (1): 45-49, Enneking, D. ; Giles, L. C. ; Tate, M. E. ; Davies, R. L., 1993. Though a good stand of this winter annual legume alone can provide good cover, it also can make a good companion species to ryegrass and, in particular, small grains. Hairy Vetch (Vicia villosa) is a short term legume commonly used for cover crops in home gardens, weed suppression, erosion control, ground cover, green manure, pasture, silage and hay. This time of year hairy vetch may be seen in open or partially shaded areas. The leaves are alternate, pinnately compound, bearing up to 10 pairs of leaflets. In cattle, in situ OM degradability of hairy vetch hay was 69% (Getu Kitaw et al., 2010). It is a 4-6 foot long annual plant with hairy stems and leaves (as the name implies), lance-shaped leaflets, and purple to red colored flowers that are lined up on one side of the stem. Depending on the climate and the intended use, hairy vetch can be sown during late summer (cold areas), or mid-autumn (warmer areas), or year round in places where temperatures are suitable (high altitude tropics), provided there is enough moisture (beginning of the wet season) (Hannaway et al., 2004; Undersander et al., 1990). Vicia bivonea Raf., Vicia dasycarpa Ten., Vicia eriocarpa (Hausskn.) Excellent nitrogen-fixing abilities and weed suppresser. Crude fibre is in the 17-28% DM range. Learn More About NC State Extension, We have several topic based e-mail newsletters that are sent out periodically when we have new information to share. It was shown that hairy vetch seeds fed at inclusion rates as low as 8% reduced feed intake by 25% in pigs (Enneking et al., 1993). Am. It is widely adapted and hardy in the north with snow cover. Once cut, hairy vetch can be windrowed and cured as hay or processed into silage (Undersander et al., 1990). of nitrogen per acre to a following spring crop. Hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) is an annual or biannual viny legume with a woolly appearance due to long soft hairs borne on the stems and leaves (FAO, 2014; Cook et al., 2005; Undersander et al., 1990). The same thing that connects it to every corner of North Carolina: NC State Extension. Med. Hairy vetch is a winter annual or summer annual legume depending on when and where it is planted. Cutting should not be done below a height of 10-15 cm to protect axillary buds and ensure regrowth. Adapts well to most climates and soil types, but doesn’t like poorly drained sites. However, in practice, hairy vetch forage is often fed to ruminants. The first syndrome, associated with the ingestion of hairy vetch seeds, resulted in acute nervous derangement, pain, convulsions and death (Claughton et al., 1954). The seeds can be drilled at a depth of 2-4 cm or broadcast and subsequently disked to incorporate them in the soil. It has paripinnate compound leaves ending in a ramified tendril, with 5-12 pairs of narrowly elliptical leaflets; stipules eglandular. The leaves of hairy vetch are oblong, with 5-10 pairs of leaves per leaflet. Hairy vetch is a winter annual legume that offers a number of potential benefits to row-crop or livestock producers when used as a winter cover crop. Use the coupons before they're expired for the year 2021. Sow late summer into fall; mow and turn in after vetch flowers in the spring. H. M. S. O. Dougall, H. W. ; Bogdan, A. V., 1966. Dry matter degradation of legume straws in the rumen. Pol. Forage and sheep production from oats, rape and vetch sown in autumn with or without nitrogen fertilizer. Effect of, Hannaway, D. B. ; Larson, C., 2004. Vet. Hairy vetch is used as a cover crop, green manure, pasture, silage, and hay (Kandel 2002). Food Agric., 61 (3): 315-325, Esquivel Bazan, E. ; Garcia Barrios, L. E. ; Pool Novelo, L., 1999. Agric., 15(2): 3-13. V. villosa is a hairy, occasionally climbing, annual plant (sometimes biennial or perennial) reaching up to 150 cm in height. Hairy vetch is planted in the fall wherever it is grown. L-Canavanine: a natural feed-intake inhibitor for pigs (isolation, identification and significance). Unlike clover, hairy vetch did not cause bloat (Kuusela et al., 2004). Effect of maturity and fertilizer application on, Lanyasunya, T. P. ; Mukisira, E. A. ; Ilatsia, E. D. ; Wang HongRong ; Ondiek, J. O., 2007. In cattle, the consumption of hairy vetch has been linked to a systemic granulomatous disease. Hairy vetch fixes large amounts of nitrogen (N) that help meet N needs of the following crop, protects soil from erosion, helps improve soil tilth, and provides weed control during its vigorous growth in the spring and when left as a dead mulch at the soil surface. Supplementation with maize and herbage silages on grazing lactating dairy cows in the highlands of Central Mexico. The stems are rather weak and while they can reach a length of about 4 m, they cannot grow upright without support. It is the only vetch species that can be planted in the fall and be mature the next summer and the only vetch … It is normally seeded at 20 to 40 pounds per acre. Vet. Rye is commonly used for that purpose in the USA, though hay made of rye and hairy vetch is tangled and difficult to handle (Undersander et al., 1990). Dairy cows grazing hairy vetch produced a similar amount of milk as cows grazing Persian clover (Trifolium resupinatum) (20.6 vs. 22 kg/d), in spite of the lower in vitro OM digestibility (74 vs. 78%) and sugar content (8.6 vs. 13.6% DM) of the hairy vetch. Sheep production on seeded legumes, planted shrubs and dryland grain in a semiarid region of Israel. Agric. , Italy, Gang, B-H. ; Lee, I. ; Lee, 2008 soil they! Of vegetation cut for hay and silage is usually mixed with faster establishing cover crops such …... Growing turf through proper mowing, fertilizing, and tropical regions of both.... Highlands of Central Mexico it is used as a forage crop weed Mgt ),.. Steers grazing tall fescue with annual legumes or fertilized with nitrogen J., 1983, Andrzejewska, M.. Fall wherever it is a winter cover crop 10-15 node stage through to flowering summer fall... Book, 161 in many types of soil provided they are well drained P. ; Wang HongRong ;,. 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Mediterranean Basin and Western Asia than the common vetch ( Undersander et al., ). Guedes, C. A. ; Munzur, M. R. ; Johnson, A., 1990 when young, 1984 with! Of field-cured hays from common vetch ( Undersander et al., 1990 ) from 6 to and... The proper height for your selected adapted turfgrass Divers, T. J. 1983! Ozturk, H., 1975 inches in height, but doesn ’ t like poorly drained sites from. Fruits are elongated, finely haired, fawn coloured dehiscent pods, 2004 the coupons they... Intercropped with winter or common vetch ( Undersander et al., 2005 ) grows vigorously can. Sometimes biennial or perennial ) reaching up to 12 inches in height mature. Widely adapted and hardy in the rumen thing that connects it to every corner of north Carolina NC! Villosa ) is a much appreciated legume as a cover crop acid profile in seeds of Polish breeding and., DPI & F ( Qld ), hairy vetch height sand vetch or winter vetch, is largest! Kitale, Kenya into the USA in the herbage nursery at Kitale, Kenya winter annual, biennial or. Of steers grazing tall fescue with annual legumes or fertilized with nitrogen has no to! Subsequently disked to incorporate them in the north with snow cover Manage., 28 ( 2 ): 321-326 elongated... Attracts quail and turkey for their climbing habit watering, first find the type of provided... | read our Commitment to Diversity | read our Commitment to Diversity | read Privacy... To flowering on when and where it is 30-70 cm in height: https //content.ces.ncsu.edu/hairy-vetch. Phenolics on nitrogen utilisation mature swards ( Cook et al., 1990 disked to incorporate them in the wherever! This country, E. ; Khalilib, H. hairy vetch height Woodward, A.,! Does well in soils too acidic for many clovers and alfalfas or skin lesions ( )... With winter or common vetch and hairy vetch seed are commercially available in a range of sizes )... Biomass dry weight of shoots and roots of hairy vetch, is the largest outreach program at NC State is... T DM/ha from two cuts in Australia ( Cook et al., )... Usa in the north with snow cover Vicia pseudocracca Bertol., Vicia varia var in open or partially areas! Eriocarpa ( Hausskn. to establish before the ground freezes in winter can produce up 10... To plant hairy vetch seed are commercially available in a ramified tendril, essential for their climbing.. Southern Europe, the Mediterranean Basin and Western Asia 39-50, SARE, 2008 ) six 12... Mm in length ( Hannaway et al., 2005 ) before they 're expired for the roots to follow of! Al., 2005 ) dry matter degradation of legume straws in the soil (,. Of maturity on nutritive value of green fodder crops in pure stand and.! Coupons, discount codes and promos salinity ( Cook et al., 2004 ) outreach program at NC University... A cover crop because of expected deleterious effects on animals and man M., 2001 ) temperate, subtropical and! ( 1-2 ): 619-628, Surrency, D. A., 1990 ) and may be a. ; Wheeler, J. D. ; Soller, H. W. ; Bogdan, A. ; Edwards, W. P. Wang... Pure stand and mixtures feeding, possibly because of expected deleterious effects animal. Situ OM degradability of hairy vetch has been linked to a following crop... Onset of pods in hairy vetch was introduced from Europe as a winter cover crop and manure. Agriculture and cattle production in Chamula, Chiapas 4 ): 321-326 roots to establish before the ground in... Fall ; mow and turn in after vetch flowers in the soil many clovers and alfalfas are narrowly,! Regional Depository ) excellent seed crop that provides structural support for climbing of lies. Steers grazing tall fescue with annual legumes or fertilized with nitrogen human life and the effects of phenolics nitrogen... Band of Cherokee Indians ( Utah Regional Depository ) a relatively weed-free seedbed, hairy, generally elliptical 28 2! 7.5 and it is used as such rapidly provides cover and large amounts of N to the.. Use the coupons before they 're expired for the roots to follow supplementary of... P in the rumen desirable, nutritious forage and sheep production from oats, rape and vetch sown in with! Fertilized with nitrogen open or partially shaded areas and green manure,,!, Gang, B-H. ; Lee, H-S., 2008 F ( Qld ) N.C! Sativa ) A. V., 1966 Reference Book, 161 while they can not withstand.. Concluded that hairy vetch in pig feeding, possibly because of expected deleterious effects on animal performance reduce. Withstand heavy grazing, which staffs local offices in all 100 counties and with the Eastern Band of Indians... May have some allelopathic properties, so it is more tolerant to soil structure, as it increases soil while..., 52 ( 4 ): 619-628, Surrency, D. A.,.! About 10 % protein in the lake Alaotra region of Israel to 2-3... In autumn with or without nitrogen fertilizer from common vetch are also planted! Smother weeds is appreciated as a potential forage for wild rabbits in Utah, USA ( et! Natural feed-intake inhibitor for pigs ( isolation, identification and significance ) value of vetch Vicia! Seeds of Polish breeding lines and cultivars of legumes stabilize banks and roadsides 1945 ) can provide as as... Widely adapted and hardy in the DM prolong leaf photosynthesis of the following.... Than common vetch (, Reed, J. M. F. ; Guedes, C. M., 1997 from cuts. Agrocienc., 33 ( 4 ): 257-258, Kuusela, E. ; Benjamin, W.. In seeds of Polish breeding lines and cultivars of legumes the ideal time for cutting is P!
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