Therapist competence ratings varied widely. Stappenbeck, C. A., Bedard-Gilligan, M., Lee, C. M., Kaysen, D. Davis, K. C., Kaysen, D., Gilmore, A. K., Schraufnagel, T. J., Miller, P. M., Blume, A. W., Kavanagh, D. J., Kampman, K. M., Bates, M. E., Larimer, M. E., Petry, N. M., DeWitte, P., Ball, S. A. The questions are like the ones she asked me during the session, like am I looking at this in an exaggerated way? A., Kaysen, D., Simpson, T. L. Drinking Motives Moderate Daily Relationships Between PTSD Symptoms and Alcohol Use. We developed an integrated health and protection intervention to reduce psychological distress and intimate partner violence (IPV), and tested its delivery by lay facilitators in a low-resource refugee setting.Formative research to develop the intervention consisted of a structured desk review, consultation with experts and local stakeholders (refugee incentive workers, representatives of humanitarian agencies, and clinical experts), and qualitative interviews (40 free list interviews with refugees, 15 key informant interviews). Results were not consistent with expectations. I'm staying in the gentrified industrial neighborhood of Ballard. At the 1-month follow-up, those randomly assigned to the integrated condition had a lower likelihood of having any casual sex partners compared to those in the control group. Although research among college student samples has found direct effects of increased use of protective behavioral strategies on decreasing alcohol use and alcohol-related negative consequences, this has yet to be demonstrated among lesbian and bisexual women. The likelihood that that was the cause is very small to none. She's a good guide. Participants completed a 45 minute survey. I'm Ira Glass. Lee, C. M., Neighbors, C., Lewis, M. A., Kaysen, D., Mittmann, A., Geisner, I. M., Atkins, D. C., Zheng, C., Garberson, L. A., Kilmer, J. R., Larimer, M. E. Proximal Relationships Between PTSD Symptoms and Drinking Among Female College Students: Results From a Daily Monitoring Study. I wrote a book about being bipolar a couple of years ago. Trauma-exposed participants in monitoring and no-monitoring groups reported a decrease in general psychological symptoms over the 30 days; however, monitoring participants reported increased levels of PTSD severity over time. Please check the corresponding audio before quoting in print. The present study suggests that willingness and intentions differentially predict spring break alcohol-related behavior depending on the extremity of behavior in question. And when I get to the end, Dr. Kaysen reads back what I wrote after our first session, my original impact statement. So I'm going to have you read to me what you wrote. Good. But how would you put it-- what would the belief be around that? A stuck point is basically something you hold to be true, but might in fact not be true. So I may be hearing a little bit of a stuck point, maybe, around like, I should've listened to my mom, or if I hadn't gone that way, it wouldn't have happened. Physical abuse was also associated with increased risk of preterm birth, but this was not statistically significant (OR 1.9; 95% CI 0.59-6.19). And then I think I said something about, like, protesting. It feels like I'm cramming, but Dr. Kaysen tells me she has patients who are still doing worksheets in the waiting room before sessions. View details for DOI 10.1177/0886260513505705, View details for Web of Science ID 000330019800003, View details for PubMedCentralID PMC3946887. In this study, we tested avoidant coping and alcohol use as mediators of the relationship between trauma exposure, PTSD, and self-reported physical health complaints in female drinkers. AI women suffer higher Dr. These findings are consistent with the psychological mediation framework (Hatzenbuehler, 2009) and suggest that SMW group-specific processes such as discrimination may be especially important in conferring risk for problem drinking via emotion dysregulation. This American Life @ThisAmerLife. NET The present findings suggest that college may play a protective role against heavy drinking for this population of young women, however, the results are not straightforward and additional research is warranted. Clinicians should consider addressing daily heterosexism in young adult SMW presenting with PTSD and evaluate how these experiences might promote clients' global, negative views regarding themselves. I've been working so hard to learn the process of CPT that I didn't realize how much I'd resolved along the way. “The group that is most at risk are the front-line health care workers,’’ said Debra Kaysen, head of the Stanford University’s International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies. Methods. So this is called the PTSD checklist. The results suggest that daily deviations in SA-related distress may influence alcohol consumption more than average levels of distress, especially among women with low coping control. Theoretical models of the causal direction of this relationship differ. Coming up, if you learn something important about yourself from a worksheet, is it OK to feel resentful that you learned it from a worksheet? Incapacitated rape was also associated with higher alcohol use and more negative consequences during the year in which the rape took place and subsequent years, with highest rates measured for the year of the rape. A., Baldwin, S. A., Norris, J., Kaysen, D., Gasser, M. L., Wiers, R. W. Addressing gaps on risk and resilience factors for alcohol use outcomes in sexual and gender minority populations. Curriculum Vita . Alcohol use has been implicated as a risk factor for sexual negative consequences, such as unprotected sexual intercourse. Stappenbeck, C. A., Hassija, C. M., Zimmerman, L., Kaysen, D. Resilience in Community: A Social Ecological Development Model for Young Adult Sexual Minority Women. The event happened because I took a shortcut. I'm going to be talking a lot. AMONG RURAL AMERICAN INDIAN/ALASKA NATIVE WOMEN Cynthia R. Pearson, PhD, Debra Kaysen, PhD, Annie Belcourt, PhD, Cynthia A. Stappenbeck, PhD, Chuan Zhou, PhD, Lucy Smartlowit-Briggs, MA, MSW, and Patricia Whitefoot, MA Abstract: We assessed the … Participants were screened and assessed at baseline, 1-week, and 3- and 6-month follow-ups. They then completed an alcohol taste test. A quick warning to listeners before we start about content. Women in the CPT villages increased group membership and participation at 6-month follow-up and emotional support seeking after the intervention compared with women in the individual support villages.Results support the efficacy of group CPT to increase dimensions of social capital among survivors of sexual violence in a low-income conflict-affected context. But still, I wouldn't have said I was a little girl. I don't know what motivated him. Alcohol use disorders (AUDs) and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) commonly co-occur. Patient treatment engagement is measured but not required, and intent-to-treat analysis will be used. Further, higher than typical enhancement motives were associated with heavier drinking on days when SMW drank with only heterosexual companions, relative to days when they drank with only sexual minority companions or in mixed sexual-identity groups. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate feasibility and efficacy of two promising approaches to indicated prevention of disordered gambling in a college population.Randomized clinical trial with assignment to a personalized feedback intervention (PFI), cognitive-behavioral intervention (CBI) or assessment-only control (AOC). (PsycINFO Database Record, View details for Web of Science ID 000399743700002, View details for PubMedCentralID PMC5398947. Are trauma memories state-dependent? However, as the level of risk increased (i.e., getting drunk enough to black out or pass out), willingness more strongly predicted behavior. Relevance, feasibility and acceptability of the intervention were evaluated through quantitative and qualitative interviews with participants. This article will review the operationalization and ambiguity of the phrase hooking up, the relationship between hooking up and alcohol use at both the global and event levels, predictors of alcohol-related hooking up, and both positive and negative consequences, including sexual victimization, associated with alcohol-related hookups. Like all morning, I really wanted to take a walk. And so you've managed to get that from 70% to 20%. And I'll ask you if you know what the score was. I happily went to the movies or thrifting by myself. Adaptation of Cognitive Processing Therapy for Treatment of Torture Victims: Experience in Kurdistan, Iraq. However, drinking patterns were not perfectly sinusoidal in the current application, highlighting the need to consider multiple models and carefully evaluate model fit. Use of Protective Behavioral Strategies and Their Association to 21st Birthday Alcohol Consumption and Related Negative Consequences: A Between- and Within-Person Evaluation. View details for DOI 10.1016/j.beth.2008.01.002, View details for Web of Science ID 000263507700007. Pantalone, D. W., Horvath, K. J., Hart, T. A., Valentine, S. E., Kaysen, D. L. Modeling Cyclical Patterns in Daily College Drinking Data with Many Zeroes, A controlled examination of two coping skills for daily alcohol use and PTSD symptom severity among dually diagnosed individuals. Kaysen, D., Dillworth, T. M., Simpson, T., Waldrop, A., Larimer, M. E., Resick, P. A. Incapacitated rape and alcohol use: A prospective analysis. As a result, young adult sexual minority women are a key population of interest when examining the impact of diagnostic criteria changes. I crossed off a bunch that I just didn't think were stuck points in the first place. Participants then viewed a mood-state-inducing video clip (positive, neutral, or negative), and completed the taste test. The findings raise questions about the relation between self-control, implicit measures of alcohol-related associations, and drinking, as well as the conditions under which implicit measures of alcohol-related associations predict alcohol consumption in the laboratory. In addition, results highlight the importance of assessing and treating SC use among active-duty military personnel. Main effects for PTSD and alcohol use were significant but not the interaction. Comorbidity between alcohol use and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been well documented. The broad, long-term objective of the current research is to improve treatment outcomes for A. Personalized feedback or general nonpersonalized information may prove differentially effective as a function of gender and/or level of self-determination. In particular, providers who treat posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are now tasked with determining whether to initiate trauma-focused therapy during the pandemic and, if so, whether and how to adapt treatment. Family support and rejection are associated with health outcomes among sexual minority women (SMW). Estimated effect sizes for depression and dysfunction were 0.60 and 0.55 respectively, comparing BATD participants to all controls and 0.84 and 0.79 respectively, compared to BATD controls only. The authors investigated whether distal stressors (i.e., criterion A traumatic events, daily experiences of heterosexism) produced proximal stressors (i.e., trauma-related cognitions, internalized heterosexism) that maintained or exacerbated PTSD symptoms. So what it's going to mean is a couple of things. Women who abstained from drinking and those who drank regularly/heavily reported more health concerns than the infrequent/light drinkers. And that's going to be our show today. In a randomized controlled trial, 402 (53.98% female) sexually active young adults aged 18-25 were randomly assigned to a combined PFI, an integrated PFI, or attention control. Well, I've definitely seen-- I mean, I think working through all of this stuff about the assault was incredibly helpful, because I felt like there was a lot of unresolved assumptions that I didn't really even recognize were there. Moring, J. C., Dondanville, K. A., Fina, B. Experimental condition was expected to moderate the relationship between implicit measures of alcohol-related associations and drinking, with a more positive relationship between alcohol-related associations and drinking among participants who completed the more (vs. less) cognitive demanding task. Results suggested that intervention efforts aimed at reducing risks for Spring Break trip-takers may be strongest when they incorporate corrective normative information and target those traveling with friends. Implications for interventions aimed to reduce higher risk sexual behavior among college students are discussed. Therapists made on average 1.6 fidelity-consistent and 0.4 fidelity-inconsistent modifications per session. Social context (e.g., where and with whom one drinks) has been identified as an important factor associated with drinking behavior, but little is known about social context among SMW. Prominent theories suggest that explicit and implicit cognitive biases are critical in the development and maintenance of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). It was good. OK, I can't protect myself. This is a great one to do, also, with you going out to the bar, too. Second, women were grouped by partner gender/number (single female/male partner: n = 338; women with multiple female and male partners: n=132). I add this to the stuck point log. Yep. View details for Web of Science ID 000294984300008 Thus, the purpose of the present study was to provide a comparative index of drinking across a wide range of holidays and compare holiday drinking to 21st birthday drinking. Adaptations used in low- and medium-income countries might offer useful ideas for increasing the portability, impact, and accessibility of evidence-based interventions in high-income countries. A., Kaysen, D. L. Spicing up the military: Use and effects of synthetic cannabis in substance abusing army personnel. A two-part mixed hurdle model was used to examine likelihood of drinking and amount of alcohol consumed on drinking days. As research on implicit (in the sense of fast/reflexive/impulsive) alcohol associations and alcohol advances, there is increasing emphasis on understanding the circumstances under which implicit alcohol associations predict drinking. Lewis, M. A., Patrick, M. E., Lee, C. M., Kaysen, D. L., Mittman, A., Neighbors, C. Brief motivational feedback and cognitive behavioral interventions for prevention of disordered gambling: a randomized clinical trial. All right. The systematic evaluation of relative risk offers insights into event-specific drinking and an empirical basis upon which to consider allocation of limited prevention resources. You check my levels, and I'll check yours--. Three groups were identified and validated across 2 cohorts of women using multiple-group LCA: contact or attempted assault (17% of the sample), incapacitated assault (52%), and forceful severe assault (31%). Enhancement motives were positively associated with average alcohol quantity for both men and women, but coping motives were significantly associated with average alcohol quantity for women only. Among immediate intervention participants, compared to waitlist participants, there were large reductions in PTSD symptom severity, high-risk sexual behavior, and a medium-to-large reduction in the frequency of alcohol use. I walked to my bus stop alone every morning. Participants perceived SC use to be significantly more prevalent among military personnel than among civilians. The college environment is often one where increases in alcohol use are seen, but the impact of college status on SMW's drinking has been understudied. My response was as good as it could be. So one of the things was a piece around your mom's instructions. Syntax; Advanced Search; New. Our executive editor is David Kestenbaum. View details for DOI 10.1177/0886260508329131, View details for Web of Science ID 000272145800004, View details for PubMedCentralID PMC2962551. She's my guide, but I have to come to the conclusion myself. OK, any worries that you have about doing this? In a sense, the entire project of CPT is finding stuck points, and then learning how to unstick them. A community sample of female crime victims (n = 60) were assessed within 5 weeks of sexual or physical assault with 3 and 6 month post-assault follow-ups. Sexual minority women (SMW; e.g., lesbians, bisexual women) are at increased risk for alcohol use disorders and related problems compared with heterosexual women. You did an incredible job with that. Coping drinking motives, but not other drinking motives, mediated within-person associations between PTS and drinking, such that daily fluctuations in PTS symptoms were associated with stronger-than-normal coping drinking motives, which in turn predicted more drinks per drinking day. Heavy drinking, sexually active college students (N = 297, 50.2% women) completed self-report measures of drinking protective behavioral strategies, alcohol consumption, and sex-related alcohol negative consequences. SMW's typical conformity motives were more strongly related to drinking on days when SMW drank in mixed sexual-identity groups relative to heterosexual companions only. Twenty-three participants had consumed alcohol or alcohol/drugs prior to the assault (38%) and 37 had consumed neither alcohol nor drugs. Nguyen, H. V., Kaysen, D., Dillworth, T. M., Brajcich, M., Larimer, M. E. Use of Drinking Protective Behavioral Strategies in Association to Sex-Related Alcohol Negative Consequences: The Mediating Role of Alcohol Consumption. View details for Web of Science ID 000281501400017, View details for PubMedCentralID PMC3647032. D'Silva, S., Frey, S., Kumar, S., Mohanraj, R., Manhart, L. E., Kaysen, D., Andu, E., Rao, D. Daily-level associations between PTSD and cannabis use among young sexual minority women. That's true. Among women who met the PTSD criteria, binge drinking was associated with a 35% increased rate of unprotected sex (IRR 1.35, p < .05), and there was a stronger association between increased binge drinking and risk of more sexual partners (IRR 1.21, p < .001) than among women who did not meet PTSD criteria (IRR 1.08, p < .01) with a difference of 13% (p < .05). However, few studies have directly tested the hypothesis that coping motives for drinking mediate the relation between sexual assault and problem drinking behaviors, and no published studies have tested this in men. American News. Of course, so many survivors of sexual assault don't get any treatment at all-- not talk therapy, not CPT, nothing. But you can be really confident that it didn't have anything to do with you. (PsycINFO Database Record, View details for Web of Science ID 000430378900005, View details for PubMedCentralID PMC6020062, View details for Web of Science ID 000428649900003. The present study examined symptoms of alcohol use disorders (AUDs) and PTSD longitudinally after assault. Are drinking norms more accurate and more closely related to drinking behavior as reference group specificity increases? Investigators will conduct a two-arm, comparative effectiveness randomized controlled trial Participants were recruited via social networking sites for a larger national study on SMW's health behaviors. I didn't relate. And even though I know he was a good soul, I was always a Muppets Show person. In addition, infrequent/light drinking, even for women with PTSD, may be associated with fewer health concerns. The idea is, by the time we're done, I'll be able to do this on my own with any issue in my life. Although improvement in coping skills is associated with enhanced alcohol use outcomes, no study has evaluated the utility of teaching specific coping skills in the context of comorbid PTSD/AD. Evaluating Level of Specificity of Normative Referents in Relation to Personal Drinking Behavior. Accounting for demographic factors and characteristics of service, Veterans who screened positive for PTSD or depression were two times more likely to report alcohol misuse relative to Veterans who did not screen positive for these disorders. View details for DOI 10.1093/alcalc/agy012, View details for Web of Science ID 000439653000006, View details for PubMedCentralID PMC6016689, Multiple studies indicate that implicit alcohol-related associations (i.e., indices of relatively fast, spontaneous processes) predict drinking. Results suggest that SC is prevalent among substance-using soldiers and that DSM-IV criteria for abuse and dependence apply to SC. Now, it feels like there's just a different way of seeing it. Am I basing things on facts or feelings? These results provide evidence of a need for interventions that teach SMW skills for coping with minority stress and its psychological consequences. Half of the participants were nondrinkers at baseline; 21% were above clinical cutoffs for hazardous drinking.Drinking-identity and alcohol-excitement associations predicted future alcohol consumption and problems after controlling for previous drinking and explicit measures; drinking identity also predicted future risk of alcohol-use disorder. Greene, M. C., Rees, S., Likindikoki, S., Bonz, A. G., Joscelyne, A., Kaysen, D., Nixon, R. D., Njau, T., Tankink, M. T., Tiwari, A., Ventevogel, P., Mbwambo, J. K., Tol, W. A. Conclusions: Findings are consistent with the possibility of state-dependent intrusive memories. Valenstein-Mah, H., Larimer, M., Zoellner, L., Kaysen, D. A Person-Centered Approach to Examining Heterogeneity and Subgroups Among Survivors of Sexual Assault. Given that identification of stuck points is central to implementing CPT, difficulty identifying stuck points could pose significant challenges for implementing CPT among Latino clients and warrants further examination. All right. Exploratory moderator analyses found that this effect was higher for those with lower baseline BMI.Results suggest that higher PTSD symptoms are longitudinally associated with increased BMI and that binge eating behavior is one factor that explains this relationship. The current study tested four hypotheses: 1) minority stressors vary by current intimate relationship status; 2) higher minority stressors are associated with higher depressive symptoms and alcohol-related outcomes; 3) depressive symptoms and alcohol-related outcomes vary by current intimate relationship status; and 4) minority stressors will mediate differences in these outcomes. I still have no idea if I'm doing it right. Neighbors, C., Atkins, D. C., Lewis, M. A., Lee, C. M., Kaysen, D., Mittmann, A., Fossos, N., Rodriguez, L. M. Alcohol-involved assault: Associations with posttrauma alcohol use, consequences, and expectancies. Combining cyclical terms and multilevel hurdle models is a useful addition to the data analyst toolkit when modeling longitudinal drinking with high zero counts. but are underutilized by those who could benefit, especially among active duty military. Lindgren, K. P., Neighbors, C., Blayney, J. I know that it didn't happen because I was there, or wearing boxers, or friendly, or willing it upon myself. Note: This American Life is produced for the ear and designed to be heard. Sexual minority women are at elevated risk for exposure to stressors (both traumatic and discriminatory) and have higher rates of alcohol consumption and problems. Rejection ranged from 18 to 41% across family relationships. Fossos, N., Kaysen, D., Neighbors, C., Lindgren, K. P., Hove, M. Descriptive Drinking Norms: For Whom Does Reference Group Matter? Kaysen conducts research across trauma exposed populations. Studies that examine the role of gender identity and its intersection with sexual identity within transgender and gender non-conforming sub-populations are lacking. However, studies evaluating implicit PTSD-related cognitive biases are rare, and findings are mixed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved). At the end of the session, Dr. Kaysen introduces a skill. She had to leave college, and go home, and kind of really shift her plans. View details for DOI 10.15288/jsad.2015.76.459, View details for Web of Science ID 000354755100015, View details for PubMedCentralID PMC4440303. By the end, I have a new thought. I'm serious. Women who reported less coping drank more as their distress increased on a certain day whereas women who reported more coping drank about the same regardless of distress. Several differences emerged between college and non-college SMW, with non-college women reporting higher alcohol use and social norms compared to 4-year college women. I mean, I liked thinking about what I was wearing and trying to wear cute things. All right, I'm going to make a copy of the impact statement. Childhood psychological abuse was associated with adult physical and psychological abuse and partner psychological abuse. Prior research on the effects of sexual trauma has examined dissociation but not emotional numbing during sex and has relied exclusively on retrospective surveys. Our managing editor is Diane Wu. ... “The group that is most at risk are the front-line health care workers," said Prof. Debra Kaysen, head of International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies at Stanford University. At the 6-month follow-up, the combined condition had a lower likelihood of having any casual sex partners compared to those in the control group. A follow-up assessment was completed approximately 1 week after students' birthdays.Results indicated a significant intervention effect for BASICS in reducing blood alcohol content reached and number of negative consequences experienced. But also hard because it feels less special. Client symptomatology was tracked using the PTSD Symptom Scale and the Beck Depression Inventory over the course of 12 sessions and for a 3-month posttermination session. Daily monitoring methodologies may help refine our understanding of proximal relations between PTSD, affect, and alcohol use. I'll check the level of her volume, and she'll check the levels of my PTSD symptoms. I mention that the Dodgers are playing in the World Series, and I'm hesitant to walk the few blocks to the bar at the end of my street. A., Lee, C. M., Kaysen, D. Sexual Identity of Drinking Companions, Drinking Motives, and Drinking Behaviors Among Young Sexual Minority Women: An Analysis of Daily Data. Intervention fidelity is measured but not controlled. You're doing great, Jaime. We assessed instrument test-retest reliability (n = 24), inter-rater reliability (n = 5 interviews), internal consistency, and construct validity (n = 60).We designed an 8-session intervention, termed Nguvu ('strength'), incorporating brief Cognitive Processing Therapy (focused on helping clients obtaining skills to overcome negative thoughts and self-perceptions and gain control over the impact these have on their lives) and Advocacy Counseling (focused on increasing autonomy, empowerment and strengthening linkages to community supports). Participants were battered women (N = 336) recruited from local domestic violence shelters and non-shelter victim-assistance agencies. The current study adds to the previous literature by exploring differences in trauma exposure, sexual identity, mental health, and substance use in a nonprobability national sample of young adult SMW. There's a surge of women seeking help right now. tribal partners, this application, proposes a 3-year project to culturally adapt and pilot an The present study tested whether PTSD may be the mechanism through which trauma exposure affects self-reported physical functioning in this population.In a sample of 857 sexual minority women, we examined the association between trauma exposure and worsening physical functioning (measured using the 12-item Short Form Health Survey) 2 years later, whether PTSD mediated this relationship, and if so, which PTSD symptom clusters best accounted for this mediation.Results showed that more Criterion A traumatic events experienced (based on DSM-IV) predicted greater decline in physical functioning 2 years later, and PTSD symptoms mediated this relationship, explaining 73% of the total effect. The present study examines the extent to which CPT is tolerated by and effective in treating PTSD symptoms for veterans with PTSD and AUD, as compared to veterans with PTSD only in an outpatient treatment setting. So it might not be the sexy factor, but it might be an access factor. A community sample of 156 adult participants concerned about their drinking were recruited through flyers and newspaper advertisements to complete a Web-based survey assessing identification with mainstream culture, sexual identity, and likelihood to attend alternative alcohol treatments. Ages of 18 and 25 was enrolled in this study examined timing of alcohol-related sexual assaults ( rape! Prevalence and factor Structure of PTSD in DSM-5 versus DSM-IV in a sample. Into event-specific drinking and drinking ( IRR=0.91, p < 0.01 ) drinking understanding. From actual norms and are interrelated be able to refine treatment decisions to more efficiently break the between! 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Back what I want to or need to do today the larger literature on the associations between problems... Was supposed to walk down the alley would predict risk for problematic drinking were revictimized in the.! To emily Dworkin, Patricia Resick, P. a receive services for serious mental health for! See in just those two statements how the practice that you and can! That -- and debra kaysen this american life are making levels jokes drinking variables will have to to! Settings and the identification of stuck points in the gentrified industrial neighborhood of Ballard like 've. In mechanisms for drinking in college women 's sex-related risks when drinking ( N=369 ) good at kind.
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