He led campaigns in the Shenandoah Valley, Seven Days Battles, 2nd Bull Run and Maryland in 1862, and was mortally wounded at Chancellorsville in 1863. But Thomas Jonathan Jackson was a much more complicated man. “Robert E. Lee and Stonewall Jackson will be removed from the CUNY hall of great Americans because New York stands against racism,” New York Governor Andrew Cuomo tweeted. Are we going to take down — excuse me. Stonewall Jackson’s descendants – his great-great grandsons Jack and Warren Christian – penned a letter calling for removal of monuments honoring their ancestor because they consider them racist. But that’s all we know," Spurgeon says. We knew virtually nothing about them after the war. Meanwhile, on August 17, statue removals focused on Lee but also Jackson as some officials rushed to get rid of them. …and people like Ms. Heyer. In 1855, he was instrumental in the organization of Sunday School classes for blacks at the Presbyterian Church. The Confederate General did own slaves, and he created a black Sunday School that angered some proponents of slavery. She carefully opens an old, faded recipe book from the 1870s. Jessie Knadler looks at how the issues that spilled over into violence in Charlottesville last month have been playing out in Lexington for years. Richmond should, too,” they wrote. “During the war, Jackson occasionally sent money back home to support the black Sunday school class he had established.”. GettyA statue of Stonewall Jackson atop his horse looks over Henry Hill at the battlefields of Manassas, or Bull Run as it was generally known in the North July 5, 2005 in Manassas, Virginia. The family letter continued, “We have learned about his reluctance to fight and his teaching of Sunday School to enslaved peoples in Lexington, Virginia, a potentially criminal activity at the time. Although many believe Jackson died immediately, he would actually live for an additional 8 days after being wounded. Stonewall Jackson was the most compelling figure of the Civil War. Thomas J. Jackson enters the picture. You….. — Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) August 17, 2017, …can't change history, but you can learn from it. The museum is currently undergoing a $700,000 expansion. Only General Robert E. Lee occupies a higher place in the Confederate pantheon.”. He was orphaned very young and raised by his Uncle Cummins Edward Jackson. According to a Washington Times story on a book about Jackson and slaves, “Jackson struggled with the morality of a system that enslaved men and women with whom he shared a brotherhood as children of a loving God. Yet those same Scriptures that taught salvation also recorded centuries of slaveholding all over the world, which provided Jackson with the simplistic rationale that if it was condoned by the Bible, it must be acceptable.”, Stonewall Jackson was born “Thomas Jonathan Jackson was born on January 21, 1824, in Clarksburg, Virginia (now West Virginia). Stonewall Jackson Quotes On Slavery. The papers consist primarily of Jackson's outgoing personal correspondence. Almost all the information about Jim Lewis that survives is in direct relation to his time with Stonewall Jackson . Sad to see the history and culture of our great country being ripped apart with the removal of our beautiful statues and monuments. On August 16, statues of Robert E. Lee and Stonewall Jackson were removed from public parks in Baltimore, Maryland. This report, provided by Virginia Public Radio, was made possible with support from the Virginia Education Association. Stonewall Jackson believed masters had a Christian duty to their slaves. This is a bit from Gods And Generals that I like. I cannot imagine what her parents felt when this child was purchased as a gift. ), In that press conference, Trump also broached the fact that George Washington and Thomas Jefferson owned slaves, and there are monuments to them. The Stonewall Jackson statue has been removed from its pedestal on Richmond’s Monument Avenue. The three moved into the Lexington household as part of Anna’s wedding dowry to Jackson. Also…. “Interspersed are anecdotes and stories by and from former slaves and their families, as well as free blacks, all pointing to the fact that Jackson not only broadened their literary knowledge, but also worked to save their souls,” reported The Times. For the first time in 100 years, Virginia won't celebrate Lee-Jackson Day. When T.J. Jackson moved to Lexington, Virginia to teach at VMI, he joined a church. This time it’s Jackson’s servant, Jim Lewis, and his horse, Old Sorrel. Like so much of the story of slavery, no one really knows if that sentence is accurate. His father, a lawyer, died when young Thomas was six and the death left the family impoverished. I think Jackson purchasing Albert and Amy and accepting the orphan Emma was an act of kindness and stewardship. Stonewall Jackson Owned Slaves & Was From a Slave-Owning Family Getty The Stonewall Jackson statue that was removed in Baltimore, Maryland. The “Unite the Right Rally” that drew Nazis and white supremacists to Charlottesville in the first place had focused on the planned removal of a Robert E. Lee statue in that city’s park. Stonewall Jackson’s descendants have penned a letter supporting removal of the monuments. Jackson “broke the prevailing law of Virginia to conduct a weekly Colored Sabbath School, where slaves were taught to read and write while also being brought to a personal knowledge of the Christ of Jackson’s heart and soul,” reported The Washington Times. Jackson owned six slaves and leased at least one out. Stonewall Jackson Road in east Orlando could soon be renamed. Thomas Jonathan "Stonewall" Jackson was a Confederate general during the American Civil War, and the best-known Confederate commander after General Robert E. Lee. "The next thing we know is that when Jackson died Albert is not listed on his estate like the other slaves which indicates they consider him to be free. Stonewall Jackson in 1855 Little known as he was to the white inhabitants of Lexington, Jackson was revered by many of the African Americans in town, both slaves and free blacks. The Stonewall Jackson House in Lexington is undergoing a $700,000 renovation and expansion. "We’re standing over the grave of a 74 year old man who was a prominent member of his community. Emma was an orphaned 4-year old when she was purchased. What was Stonewall Jackson’s relationship with slavery, though? “The beauty that is being taken out of our cities, towns and parks will be greatly missed and never able to be comparably replaced!”. He also believed that it was his mission to save their souls by teaching them the Old Testament history, The Ten Commandments, the Lord’s Prayer, and the Apostles’ Creed. Jackson’s story is a window into the complexities arising from interpersonal relationships within slavery and the tension that produced ambivalence within some white southerners. In Civil War action, July 1861, his troops held the line at the battle of Bull Run. It is a question that has long vexed America: How do we teach our history of slavery? He was frequently called the most brilliant strategist in the Confederate Army. But the structure, which sat next to the main church sanctuary and consisted of one large room, was best remembered for being the location of Jackson’s Sunday school for slaves and free blacks. Stonewall Jackson was as a human being and as a man of Christ, of faith. History.net reports that Jackson “was sent to live with his uncle Cummings Jackson, who operated a gristmill and sawmill.”, According to The Christian Science Monitor, “Jackson came from what is now West Virginia, a part of the country where slavery was not really very common. (James Alex Fields, an accused Hitler admirer, was charged in the murder of Heyer, and videos and photos showed Neo Nazis marching through the streets with torches. So foolish!” Trump tweeted. Spurgeon and Abele visited the cemetery where George was buried. So foolish! ", Spurgeon discovered Hetty, George and Emma all living in Lincoln County, North Carolina after the war, the site of Anna Jackson’s family home. Grace Abele is the site director of the Stonewall Jackson House. Jackson was a Confederate general, who, according to the Virginia Military Institute, was also a slave owner. When the war began the record is unclear as to whether he leased them out or sold them, but there is no evidence that he freed them. GettyVirginia state police in front of the Robert E. Lee statue in Charlottesville, where white nationalists organized a “Unite The Right” rally. I do know that Stonewall Jackson was willing to break the law and teach his slaves to read and write. Meanwhile, President Donald Trump, already under fire for his comments on the Charlottesville white supremacist rally, lambasted removing Confederate statues, tweeting on August 17 that it was sad and foolish. And for most of the museum’s history, these people were relegated more or less to prop status in the house. Albert, Amy, and Emma were purchased by Jackson. "So much of this is the interpretation of other people who are speaking for them. Dealing With A Confederate Past is Nothing New to Lexington, Building A Road Map For Teaching About Slavery. He disliked abolitionists, as agitators attempting to drive the nation into … Mary Anna may have also brought two or three more slaves to the marriage who were sold and never lived in the Washington Street house. S.C. Gwynne says Jackson wasn't a fire-breathing, pro-slavery fighter. One of the most common questions I get when I’m on the road, sharing the story of The Last Days of Stonewall Jackson with Civil War roundtables, concerns Jackson’s last words.. Jackson had spent the afternoon of May 10, 1863, fading in and out of consciousness, in and out of delirium, and at one point started shouting out battle orders. His military career includes the Valley Campaign of 1862 and his service as a corps commander in the Army of … YouTube probably generates an error with the 5.1 audio and shifts all the dialog to the right channel. “He taught slaves to read, and he was accosted in the street by people who said, ‘You can’t do this,'” the news site quoted an author of a book on Stonewall Jackson. Indeed, a careful study of his life would lead one to believe that General Jackson might even be … He earned the name "Stonewall" after the First Battle of Bull Run. Cities across the country are grappling with removing Confederate symbols. According to History.net, Stonewall Jackson “won his nickname at the Battle of First Bull Run (First Manassas), but it was his actions at Harpers Ferry in 1861, his 1862 Shenandoah Valley Campaign, and the flanking maneuver at the Battle of Chancellorsville that made him a military legend. Robert E Lee, Stonewall Jackson – who’s next, Washington, Jefferson? What they uncovered is a document showing that Hetty and her two sons George and Cyrus originally belonged to the family of Mrs. Jackson in North Carolina. American Confederate General Stonewall Jackson (1824 – 1863), born Thomas Jonathan Jackson. “There’s even a church near Roanoke with a stained-glass window portrait of Jackson put up by one of his students in the Sunday school.”, Stonewall Jackson descendant Jack Christian calls for removing all Confederate statues in public display: "The time is long overdue" #DNlive pic.twitter.com/KHsxAYd9sc, — Democracy Now! How about Thomas Jefferson? "It was very moving," Spurgeon remembers. Even Robert V. Remini, who was widely regarded as the preeminent Jackson-era historian prior to his death in 2013, fell victim to perpetuating Hannah’s image. Robert E Lee, Stonewall Jackson – who's next, Washington, Jefferson? (@democracynow) August 17, 2017. He had slaves when he grew up, his uncles had slaves and he had slaves of his own, but he acquired three to help them avoid worse fates.”. Spurgeon will give a talk about Amy, Hetty, George, Cyrus, Albert and Emma during the Jackson House Biennial Symposium June 9. He taught them to read and write." She was described as elderly but just in her 40's," Abele explains, "and she was the cook here in the house. Are we going to take down statues to George Washington? “Even though it was against the law for slaves to be educated at that time, Jackson taught slaves to read so they could study the Bible, thus risking arrest for himself and the slaves,” reported Know Southern History. We found that George was on a school committee there for an African American school and we knew that Jackson taught them to read which was dicey under Virginia law and we saw the legacy of that. Abele reads from a recipe for buckwheat cakes: "One quart flour, one teaspoon salt, one pint of milk...", The recipe is credited to one “Aunt Amy.” Aunt Amy was a slave. Thomas Jonathan “Stonewall” Jackson owned at least seven slaves before the Civil War. It was written in elegant script by Anna Jackson, Stonewall Jackson’s wife. Overnight, Baltimore has seen fit to take this action. "We knew virtually nothing about them after the war," Spurgeon admits. "One of the biggest questions we always get from visitors is, what happened to the slaves? Getty The great-great grandsons wrote that they preferred to honor their ancestor Laura Jackson Arnold. Jack and Warren Christian penned the open letter asking for the removal of the statues in Richmond, Virginia. He was a major slave owner.”, Stonewall Jackson, Slavery & Slaves: 5 Fast Facts You Need to Know, Copyright © 2021 Heavy, Inc. All rights reserved. "People want to know what happened. They want to hear those stories.". NPS Image. Mention the legendary Confederate General Stonewall Jackson to most people and the image that immediately comes to mind is one of a fearless, hard-fighting Southerner known for his eccentricities, who some say fought for slavery. Jackson was devoted to “Miss Fanny,” “a slave who raised him,” according to The Washington Times. He was one of the few remaining ex slaves of this section. "She actually was purchased with the intention of being raised and trained as a personal attendant to Anna. Hetty, and her sons Cyrus and George, and a teenager named Trump did not specifically use the word Confederate in his tweet, but it came amidst news of more Confederate statues and monuments coming down throughout the U.S., making it clear what he meant. "George and Cyrus would have done a lot of the heavy work—chopping wood, bringing water. Stonewall Jackson would later have a total of six slaves. We have learned how thoughtful and loving he was toward his family. Thomas Jonathan Jackson (1824 - 1863), Confederate general in the American Civil War, also known as Stonewall Jackson. What is contradictory about Jackson is the fact that his family owned slaves, but he believed that it was God’s will that slavery existed and only the Creator could explain why it was like that. He did teach a Sunday school for free blacks and slaves to expose them to the Bible and hymns but teaching reading and writing wasn't part of it. His mother later remarried but her new husband didn’t like her children, and young Thomas was sent to live with relatives,” according to Know Southern History. You like him. Good. “As two of the closest living relatives to Stonewall, we are writing today to ask for the removal of his statue, as well as the removal of all Confederate statues from Monument Avenue. However, the president doubled down on August 17, taking it one step farther by dubbing the statues “beautiful” and removing them “foolish.”, In the earlier press conference, Trump had said, in part, “George Washington as a slave owner. They are overt symbols of racism and white supremacy, and the time is long overdue for them to depart from public display. According to The Christian Science Monitor. A small number of slaves to serve the family and to rent out for extra income. You can’t change history, but you can learn from it. It wasn’t legal in Virginia at that time to teach slaves to read and write, but Jackson defied that dictum. GettyThe Stonewall Jackson statue that was removed in Baltimore, Maryland. Hetty would have been more of a maid in the house," Abele explains. Stonewall Jackson Quotes about Slavery and Secession are very tearful, as he has described the bitterness of the society towards the poor people and making them slaves. At one point, he purchased a small child as a gift for his wife, the institute said. Marquis James’s Pulitzer Prize-wining Life of Andrew Jackson (1938) called Old Hickory the “ideal slave-owner” who shared a “genuine and reciprocal attachment” with his slaves. What do you think of Thomas Jefferson? ", Spurgeon even tracked down George’s obituary. But we cannot ignore his decision to own slaves, his decision to go to war for the Confederacy, and, ultimately, the fact that he was a white man fighting on the side of white supremacy.”. Stonewall Jackson — American Soldier born on January 21, 1824, died on May 10, 1863. Today I was surprised to find an even more explicit reference to a slave and a horse in Richard Williams’s book, Stonewall Jackson: The Black Man’s Friend, which is a wonderful example of the continued influence of the loyal slave narrative. “As an adult Laura became a staunch Unionist and abolitionist. The VMI Archives holds a significant collection of the personal papers of Civil War General Stonewall Jackson. It read: "George Jackson, colored, died last week in his home in East Lincoln. Publicity seeking Lindsey Graham falsely stated that I said there is moral equivalency between the KKK, neo-Nazis & white supremacists……. Like many Southerners, Jackson struggled with his feelings about the institution of slavery, but it obviously was God’s will that it exist—a belief widely held in the South. But almost nothing was known about the slaves he and his family owned. …the beauty that is being taken out of our cities, towns and parks will be greatly missed and never able to be comparably replaced! Such a disgusting lie. Stonewall Jackson wasn’t killed by a Union bullet. For more than 150 years they were known only by first names, and through brief anecdotes. Trump later condemned white supremacists but was criticized for not calling them out immediately and for saying that there were good and bad people on both sides of the Charlottesville clashes. So will George Washington now lose his status? Abele and historian Larry Spurgeon have tracked down documents that reveal a little bit more about the lives of these people. Part of the work will provide deeper understanding of the six people the Jacksons owned as slaves. Powered by. Why in 1962 did citizens w name an institution of learning after him? This month, James Madison’s Montpelier started working on an answer. Although the protests in Charlottesville, Virginia focused on planned removal of a Robert E. Lee statue, attention has also shifted to monuments and roads named after the Confederate General Stonewall Jackson. What about Jackson’s horse, Little Sorrel? “Sad to see the history and culture of our great country being ripped apart with the removal of our beautiful statues and monuments. Though she and Stonewall were incredibly close through childhood, she never spoke to Stonewall after his decision to support the Confederacy,” they wrote. Jackson was mortally wounded at the Battle of Chancellorsville. His uncle (who had no interest in religion) owned slaves and it appears that it was his slaves who introduced young Jackson to Christianity. New research at Jackson’s home in Lexington that now sheds light on the lives of these six individuals. ", Little is known about Albert after the war except they think Albert earned his freedom, then disappeared. He defied all the laws of the South by educating his slaves. In an early morning tweet on August 17, Trump called removing “beautiful” Confederate monuments and statues “foolish.”. It also included Hetty, George, Cyrus, Albert and Emma. Yet, regardless of the affection he may have shown toward enslaved people, and as politically ambivalent as he may have been about slavery, Jackson fully participated in a larger initiative intended not to end or undermine slavery, but to make slavery … He just can't forget his election trouncing.The people of South Carolina will remember! He also would fight against the United States when he decided to fight for the Confederacy. The three of them took Jackson’s last name, a common practice back then. I hear it more and more," Abele says. It will provide more room to display the new research and expand the stories about Jackson’s slaves. Thomas Jonathan Jackson (1824–1863) was a leading Confederate general of the American Civil War. Did he own slaves? The president also criticized Lindsey Graham on Twitter for saying he had made a moral equivalency between Nazis and other protesters. In 1906, long after Jackson’s death, Reverend L. L. Downing, whose parents had been among the slaves in Jackson’s Sunday school, raised money to have a memorial window dedicated to him in the Fifth Avenue Presbyterian Church of Roanoke, Virginia—likely making ‘Stonewall’ the only Confederate general to have a memorial in an African American church.”, The Christian Science Monitor reports that Jackson faced some scorn for this. There's no evidence that Jackson taught his slaves or anyone else's slave to read and write. Are we going to take down his statue? His slaves were part of the family’s own daily religious life of Bible readings, prayer, church, and Sunday school. "We don’t have any record of him after that at all. Did Stonewall Jackson own slaves? Part of the work will provide deeper understanding of the six people the Jacksons owned as slaves. Was George Washington a slave owner? James Robertson has found, and accepted, the key to understanding Stonewall: his profound Christian Faith and his steadfast duty to doing the will of God. "Amy was an elderly woman. According to History.net, “Slaves came to know him through these classes and sometimes begged him to buy them so they wouldn’t be sold into the Deep South where they might be worked literally to death. The Trump remarks were somewhat a reiteration of the comments that the president made before in a dramatic and much-discussed press conference in which he defended his decision to condemn violence on “many sides” in the initial response to the Charlottesville car ramming attack that killed paralegal Heather Heyer, a counter protester. Numerous books have been written about the Confederate General Stonewall Jackson. But anymore, visitors to the museum have a recurring inquiry. In 1863, it was his own men that accidentally shot him during one of the major battles of the Civil War at Chancellorsville. Through our upbringing and education, we have learned much about Stonewall Jackson. He was proud to tell he was the servant of Stonewall Jackson.". Jackson purchased the sixth slave, a small child named Emma, as a gift for his wife. Did his family? That’s the closest thing we have in his voice and it’s still filtered," Spurgeon notes. Emma was just 4 years old when Thomas Jackson purchased her as a gift for his wife. Little is known of the slave who attended "Stonewall" Jackson during the Civil War;he is frequently mentioned in letters written by Jackson and his staff officers, but his life outside the Civil War remains a mystery. The Confederate General Stonewall Jackson did own slaves… The Confederate General Stonewall Jackson did own slaves, and members of his family did too. 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